Which components are typically found in shotgun ammunition?

Shotgun ammunition is characterized by its unique components, which cater to the specific mechanics of shotguns. The correct choice highlights that shotgun ammo typically consists of a shell, which houses the entire cartridge; shot, which refers to the small pellets contained within the shell; and a wad, which serves to separate the shot from the propellant and can also help to seal the gas.

This combination is essential for the effective functioning of a shotgun. The shell is designed to hold the shot and other components together, while the shot disperses upon firing to hit a target. The wad not only holds the shot in place but also optimizes the shot's performance by preventing gas leakage and contributing to a more uniform spread.

Other options involve components of ammunition used in different types of firearms. For example, the first choice refers to elements found in rifle or handgun cartridges, which typically include a bullet instead of shot. The third choice suggests components that are more applicable to rifles with powder and grains, and the last option lists elements that do not directly apply to the structure of shotgun ammunition. Thus, the focus on the specifics of shotgun design is what makes the second option the correct response.