What is a critical action to maintain throughout the entire process of handling a firearm?

Maintaining proper muzzle control is crucial throughout the entire process of handling a firearm. This practice ensures that the muzzle— the front end of the gun where the bullet exits— is always pointed in a safe direction. This is fundamental in preventing unintentional discharges from causing injury or damage. Proper muzzle control involves understanding the firearm’s mechanics and being constantly aware of your surroundings, including where the muzzle is pointing, which minimizes risks to yourself and others nearby.

While observing surroundings is important, it cannot substitute the need for ensuring the firearm's muzzle is always directed safely. Keeping the firearm unloaded is also a pivotal safety measure when not in use, but it doesn't relate to the handling process once the gun is ready to be used. Pointing the gun downwards might seem safe in some contexts, yet it is not universally the safest direction in all scenarios. Therefore, the emphasis on maintaining proper muzzle control encapsulates the essential safety protocol that encompasses handling firearms responsibly at all times.